Neutron stars, active galactic nuclei and (other) jet sources belong to the family of ‘non-thermal’ sources. That is, they are sources capable of generating power-law distributions of relativistic electrons, like the synchrotron family. There is a strong similarity between the following four classes of astrophysical jet sources: (1) radio sources centred on active galactic nuclei, (2) bipolar fluxes driven by young stellar objects, (3) young binary neutron stars with weak companions, and (4) young binary white dwarfs within planetary nebulae. Their similarities contrast with the very different interpretations proposed for some of them. For example, the black hole model prohibits large Lorentz factors for the plasmas of runaway pairs. Meanwhile, spectra, laterality and superluminal expansions imply the possibility of in situ acceleration. Furthermore, stellar sources drive jets without hosting black holes. Other structural elements common to neutron stars and active galactic nuclei are their accretion discs; in particular, their probably tilted inner edges, clusters, and filamentary wind regions of their ejections, which give rise to optical spectra identical to those of supernovae and so-called broad-line regions. The aim of the International School of Neutron Stars, Active Galactic Nuclei and Jets is to examine the multitude of different observations and critically discuss their various interpretations.